The Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism published a list of activity codes that are considered to be “relevant activities” and any company performing any of the relevant activities are required to submit the economic substance returns in Bahrain.We provide the following services related to ESR: Continue monitoring the announcements closely and keep clients updated To have primary check for business on the applicability of ESR To provide step by step guidance regarding further ESR requirements Providing suggestions and improvements to ensure the compliance of Law To file an Economic Substance return for the Reportable Period (where required) ESR is applicable to the companies in following business: Distribution and service center activities Headquarters activities Holding company activities Leasing activities (other than those activities undertaken by licensees of the CBB Shipping activities Intellectual property activities in Bahrain Latest Updates In light of the launch of the new International Tax Information Exchange System (ITIES) we assist our clients to submit the Economic on the ITIES new reporting portal.